Wednesday, May 14, 2014

KEY FACTORS FOR JUDICIAL REFORM (Part 2)


Advocates of Judicial Reform are very happy to note that the Supreme Court is trying its best to come up with “doable programs” that will strengthen the process of case disposal.


Recently, the Supreme Court issued new Rules to decongest jails by upholding the right to bail. The news indicates that the Rules “adopted by the full court on March 15, 2014 shall apply to persons currently under detention awaiting trial. The high court justices said they recognized the need to effectively implement existing policies laid down by the Constitution, the laws and the rules respecting an accused’s right to bail and a speedy trial in the context of decongesting our detention jails and humanizing the condition of detained persons pending the hearing of their cases”.

The Transformative Justice Institute (TJI) and its allies have been repeatedly tackling this issue on jail congestion and we certainly hope that this new Rules by the Supreme Court can attain its objective. The TJI, Justice Advocates and Court Observers Anchorpersons (JACOA), and its allies will continue to monitor this concern.

The other concern that TJI volunteer monitors will keep their eyes on, along with members of JACOA and its allies, is the effectiveness of the E Subpoena System that the Supreme Court, the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) for the Philippine National Police (PNP), launched just last month.

Some of the questions being raised this early by members of TJI, JACOA and its allies are, “ Will the E Subpoena System result in reducing the number of cases set daily in the trial courts’ calendars; and Will the courts now refrain from its very bad practice of setting and scheduling up to about 60 cases in the calendar of the courts only to postpone practically all of those cases except for about two or most three cases which can be actually heard or tried on a particular day?”

Indeed, our court watchers find this development on the E Subpoena System very interesting. For sure within the next six months or by the end of 2014, we shall write the feedback that TJI will get from the field.

While advocates of judicial reform are happy with certain developments as noted above, we wonder when will the Philippine government confront the root causes of the problems of the Judiciary. As I have written extensively about these concerns in the books, “Intertwining Culture of Patriarchy, Corruption and Impunity” and JAJA, Justice for Arbet, Justice for All”, many academicians, church based groups and other NGOs and civil society sectors including the government agencies concerned have become aware about such root causes. Lawyers among the professional groups are of course very much aware about them and many of us have joined hands in facing the various concerns head on. Many of us are now repeatedly quoting Micah 6:8 from the Bible: “What does the Lord require of you? But to Act Justly, to Love Mercy and to Walk Humbly with God”.

Many are asking why are we not successful after decades of advocating for Judicial Reform and Development?  The biggest problem lies in the continuing failure of many of those holding powerful and decision making positions like public officials to do “truth telling” and face the root causes head on, so that appropriate solutions and remedies can be made in order for our country to attain genuine Judicial Reform and Development.

POLITICAL PATRONAGE and FRATERNITY/SORORITY TIES

In a graph in the book Intertwining Culture of Patriarchy Corruption and Impunity, I illustrated how the Judiciary is trapped by dirty politics and dirty politicians that make the Judiciary as a very weak institution. Unless and until this very important area of concern becomes a focus of judicial reform and development we cannot succeed in the much needed transformation.

What we call political patronage that destroys the justice system is manifested in many forms. We will try to tackle some of the most pervasive and destructive types one by one as we share some stories of how patronage leads to tremendous miscarriages of justice in our country.

Let us start with campus politics in law schools in the Philippines and the misuse and abuse of fraternity ties.

Fraternities and sororities in law schools in the Philippines are supposedly organized in order for law students to have support groups that can encourage them in their law studies and eventually help them in their bar examinations thru the “Bar Ops” or bar operations. This objective is quite  noble as brods or sis in the fraternity or sorority can help make the study of law and preparation for the bar examinations a little bit lighter and bearable. Due to camaraderie and the sense of belonging there can be much fun to be part of fraternities or sororities.

Recruitment of fraternity and sorority members usually take place at the start of the first semester. The usual targets are first year law students or transferees. Decades ago, I was invited to attend a briefing of one fraternity/sorority during my first year in the college of law. I was not enticed to join despite the persistent follow up of the one assigned to recruit me. That early I was turned off with what I heard, which was part of the sales pitch of the group. They invited lawyer brods and sis who talked about the advantage of belonging to their group. They stressed and emphasized that even as legal practitioners they are at an advantage given their fraternity/sorority ties. I already sensed that there is something not right in the tie that binds the group.

Much later, I observed that the sad part about some fraternities/sororities is when some of their members act like criminal syndicates that eventually conspire to use the fraternity or sorority ties in fixing cases. It is very sad when lawyers themselves totally disregard the Rule of Law. Lawyers do not only conspire among themselves. It is obvious that they also conspire with brods and sis in the Judiciary or other quasi-judicial bodies.

Many lawyers totally forget or disregard what the First National President of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP),  Justice J.B.L. Reyes, eloquently said: that as lawyers we have “No Master, But Law; No Guide But Conscience; No Aim but Justice”.

The narratives I am sharing here are confessions made by fraternity members themselves during our “truth telling” sessions:

Some members of one of the most famous law school fraternities in Metro Manila, in key informant interviews, admit  that leaders of their fraternity deliberately agree for brods to be placed in strategic positions in government. They have members who are with the Offices of the Ombudsman, the Solicitor General,   the Prosecutors Office, and even constitutional bodies like the COMELEC. They have brods who are judges or justices and who serve as hearing officers in other quasi-judicial bodies including the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC) and so many others.  They also have members with whom they can easily connect in Congress as well as various agencies in the Executive branch of the government. They are well entrenched.

They agree that many of them misuse and abuse their fraternity ties to be able to win favors for their clients. They are aware that such practices are unethical and impact the administration of justice and the Rule of Law. They agree to the process of “truth telling” as they strongly feel that changes need to transpire for the sake of our beloved country and the Filipino nation.

In Mindanao, fraternity and allied sorority members shared in detail how their sister, who holds a high ranking position in the judiciary, even acts like the “Mafia Boss” in fixing cases. There is a well known story where a son of one of their brods was reported to have caused the rape slay of a young student. In the end, the driver of the popular brod became the fall guy and is the one serving sentence for the crime of rape with homicide. The driver is so privileged that even after conviction, he was not confined in the BUCOR facilities for a long time. He remains in the city jail and is fully given financial support by the family of the son of the powerful fraternity member.

Many lawyers are now feeling guilty, uneasy, and uncomfortable about the present state of the justice system. That kind of feeling is a good start for change to take place in the hearts and minds of lawyers. We just need a critical mass to demand for the needed change.

Here are some suggestions on how can change take place to stop the misuse and abuse of fraternity ties:
1
     There should be a nationwide and open discussion among lawyers about this very dark situation that impact the life of our nation:
             1. Lawyers should be in the forefront in working for DEVS, Development for Enrichment of Values and Spirituality;
             2. The law schools all over the country must purposively tackle this concern and find ways and means on how can they influence their law school fraternities to  stick to the noble objective of camaraderie and friendship, helping one another to do well in law schools and bar examinations without defying the Rule of Law or doing any illegal and anomalous acts; and
            3.  For all other sectors both in government and the civil society including the religious groups to speak openly about this situation and to encourage those administering justice to do massive “truth telling” as a way of confessing the sins of the lawyers in the Philippines both in the government and the privates sectors.   

Next month, we will continue to share more stories on political patronage and suggestions on how to stop the same.


The book of Proverbs Chapter 3 verses 5 and 6 states: “ Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not unto your own understanding, in all your ways acknowledge Him and He shall direct your paths”.

Dory Cruz Avisado

5-14-14   

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